Python is an object oriented programming language.
- Almost everything in Python is an object, with its properties and methods.
- A Class is like an object constructor, or a blueprint for creating objects.
Class
Class is a set or category of things having some property or attribute in common and differentiated from others by kind, type, or quality.
To create a class, use the keyword class
Example-create a class named Firstclass , with a property named x:
class FirstClass:
x=5
print(FirstClass)
<class '__main__.FirstClass'>
Object
Object is one of instances of the class which can perform the functionalities which are defined in the class.
Now we can use the class named FirstClass to create objects
Example- Create object named o1 and print the value of x. Here object o1 can access x value.
o1=FirstClass()
print(o1.x)
5
The __init__() function
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We have gone through Classes and objects in their simplest form, and are not really useful in real life applications.
-
To understand the meaning of classes we have to understand the built-in __init__() function.
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All classes have a function called __init__(), which is always executed when the class is being initiated.
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Use the __init__() function to assign values to object properties, or other operations that are necessary to do when the object is being created:
Example-Create a class named Student and use the init() function to assign values for name and age.
class Student:
def __init__(self, name, age):
self.name = name
self.age = age
p1 = Student("Smith", 16)
print(p1.name)
print(p1.age)
Smith 16
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