Question

Describe the Concept of Python Classes and Objects

Answer 1

Python is an object oriented programming language.

• Almost everything in Python is an object, with its properties and methods.
• A Class is like an object constructor, or a blueprint for creating objects.

Class

Class is a set or category of things having some property or attribute in common and differentiated from others by kind, type, or quality.

To create a class, use the keyword class

Example-create a class named Firstclass , with a property named x:

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class FirstClass:

    x=5

print(FirstClass)

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<class '__main__.FirstClass'>

Object

Object is one of instances of the class which can perform the functionalities which are defined in the class.

Now we can use the class named FirstClass to create objects

Example- Create object named o1 and print the value of x. Here object o1 can access x value.

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o1=FirstClass()

print(o1.x)

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5

The __init__() function

• We have gone through Classes and objects in their simplest form, and are not really useful in real life applications.

• To understand the meaning of classes we have to understand the built-in __init__() function.

• All classes have a function called __init__(), which is always executed when the class is being initiated.

• Use the __init__() function to assign values to object properties, or other operations that are necessary to do when the object is being created:

Example-Create a class named Student and use the init() function to assign values for name and age. 

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class Student:

    def __init__(self, name, age):

        self.name = name

        self.age = age

p1 = Student("Smith", 16)

print(p1.name)

print(p1.age) 

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Smith 16